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How Does Machine Espresso Work? The machine espresso makes use of precise pressure, as well as a filter technology that is awe-inspiring to create the coffee you love. What exactly is it? Espresso is created by forcing hot water at high pressure through finely-ground coffee. The process is similar to that of making drip coffee. However, the pressure is the primary difference. The Head of the Group The group head is the portafilter you put in when making espresso. It disperses the water into the portafilter and regulates the pressure of the extraction. There are a variety of types of group head, each with their unique advantages and disadvantages. Some are focused on temperature stability, whereas others on pre-infusion capabilities, and still others are designed to control the lever. Some come with a combination of both, such as the E61. This is a favorite among baristas because it offers multiple advantages in a single package. As you can see in the above photo the head of the group is fitted with a variety of notches. It is possible to place your portafilter inside these notches, and then twist the head to secure it. A rubber gasket is located within the notches to make a seal when you insert your portafilter. The notches on the head allow for a precise placement of the portafilter, which is crucial for an efficient extraction. In addition to allowing you to easily connect your portafilter, the group head is responsible for maintaining a consistent temperature. It does this by cycling hot water through the brew container and around the portafilter, ensuring that it's always at the right temperature to extract. This is important, as even a few degrees can make the difference between good and excellent espresso. The Pump The motorized pumps that are used in rotary espresso machines supply the nine atmospheric bar pressure needed for espresso extraction. This differs from manual piston machines that use a lever. espresso coffee machines is created by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee. Pumps are generally less expensive and last for longer than piston-driven machines. However, both kinds of machines may degrade because of excessive use and inadequate cleaning. They also increase the complexity of mechanical systems, which can result in an expensive price for even the simplest models. Some espresso machines use steam pressure instead of a pump in order to brew espresso. This can lead to over-extraction as the boiler that produces steam also warms the water to boil. The machines also need to continuously rebuild their pressure between cups. This takes energy and time. Many espresso machines employ a vibration or rotary pump, which is a vibration model using a rotating disc that generates the pressure, and the rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds under high speed. Both machines can make great espresso however rotary machines tend to be more quiet, durable and less likely to break. The Boiler The boiler is used to heat the water to a temperature that is ideal to extract. The resulting steam is then transferred to the portafilter which holds ground espresso beans and is then pumped into the cup. During this process the steam causes enough pressure to push the coffee grounds through. This produces a layer of crema on top. This is a sign of a great espresso. There are three kinds of espresso makers, which differ in the type of pump they employ and how hot the espresso is. There are various ways in which the brew can be controlled, as well as the size of the cup the maker can create. The first espresso machines were steam-types. They employed one boiler to create steam and brew, however, the pressure they could produce was very low – just two bars of atmospheric pressure at the most. The coffee tasted bitter and burnt. The modern espresso machine was invented by the Milanese manufacturers Luigi Bezzerra & Desiderio Pavoni. The most common espresso maker is a semiautomatic machine with an electric pump. These are the things people think of when they think of an espresso machine. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp your beans yourself The pump, however, regulates the water flow and pressure. This is a great compromise between the human touch and mechanized consistency. The Filter Typically, espresso machines utilize filters to separate the coffee grounds as they pass through the hot water. The filter is also an essential element of the temperature control system since it helps prevent the machine from overheating. It also helps with flavor, since a filter allows for a more prolonged bloom time. This allows beans to release their nuances and gives an opportunity to improve extraction. It is important to remember that even the finest filter could result in a poor cup of coffee. The quality of the beans, and the extraction process, remain crucial. This is where the magic happens, and it's what makes espresso taste great. The grouphead, sometimes referred to as the brew head, is the place where the portafilter (the thingy you put the ground coffee in) is placed when making espresso. In the steam-driven espresso machine hot water is heated in an airtight container to produce steam, which then pushes the hot water through the grounds at high pressure. These machines are less expensive and easier to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited for creating the ideal conditions for brewing since they only operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars. In recent years, compressed air pump-driven espresso machines have been gaining popularity. They use an air compressor to force hot water into the grounds and are significantly more portable than steam-driven electric machines.